Exotic Pets: January 2019

Thursday, January 3, 2019

Pygmy Marmosets - Finger Monkey

The smallest primate in the world weighing approximately 4.20 oz (119 g) is the Pygmy marmoset (Callithrix pygmaea). There are 16 ounces (0.453592 kg) in a pound so hold one stick of butter, you will realize how small, and light they are. The ultimate exotic pet? You decide.

Now stick your thumb up, a newborn is the size of your thumb! I guess we can see where the term finger monkey or thumb monkey came from. They are also known as a dwarf monkey or a pocket monkey. My article on the finger monkey Finger Monkey Pygmy Marmoset

They are sold as pets, they aren’t legal in many areas, and they are costly. Pygmy marmosets monkey for sale is not an advertisement you will find often. There are potential breeders in the United States.

The Pygmy marmoset needs painstaking care, and they have significant social needs. Please learn all you can about these little monkeys and gain actual experience before considering buying them as a pet. To gain the experience and skills that you need consider volunteering at a zoo or similar organization. This knowledge is crucial for all exotic pets.

This article is based on fact and not meant to represent my opinion if primates should be pets or not.

They have sharp claws which have allowed them to adapt well ecologically to their habitats in the rainforests of South America. They are suited well to the tall trees; camouflaged and protected by the dense foliage and vines. They are quick and have no trouble maneuvering. They are capable of jumping a full 16 feet! They depend on their dexterity and speed to protect themselves from predators. They are able to turn their heads to see completely behind them, pretty much a full 180 degrees.

Pygmy marmosets are omnivorous they eat substances that exudates from trees and vines such as sap and gums, these exudates are the majority of their diet. They will also eat blossoms, fruit, buds, insects, and many things in between.

Groups of Pygmy marmosets are territorial, but they will leave an area so that the plant life won’t be overused. They gouge holes in trees using their lower teeth to drink the sap, resin, and gums from the trees. These holes are left to heal. In some characteristics, they seem smarter than humans do.

As with all primates, pygmy marmosets are social, grooming, playing, and eating together in groups of up to nine monkeys. It’s the social aspects that concern me most when considering primates as pets. The males actually help deliver the babies. He will carry the infants on his back for a couple of weeks, returning the baby monkeys to their mother so that they can nurse.

They have very expressive faces and high pitch shrill voices. If you have an opportunity to see pygmy marmosets in a zoo or primate exhibit pay attention to their faces they are quite animated; the same with their communication.

They have a life expectancy of up to 15 years usually an average of 10-12 years. Their gestation period is 4.5 months. In the wild, they normally twin though they can give birth to three to four. Multiple births of four are more common in zoos and pygmy marmoset breeders.

The Pygmy marmoset is a threatened species primarily because of habitat loss and people gathering them to sell as pets. The United States has banned the import of primates. If you can find a pygmy marmoset for sale, make sure it is a captive bred monkey (legal not poached).

Original Finger Monkey Pygmy Marmoset article

Finger monkeys - while I admit the pictures of a tiny monkey hanging on to a finger are astonishingly cute the closest thing I can find would be a pygmy marmoset. Are finger monkey’s fact or fiction? You decide. The pictures of the finger monkeys are obviously infants observing the faces and the closed eyes.

I use to tour zoos when I was still able to get around before my accident. While I was at the Duluth Zoo in Duluth Minnesota I saw a marmoset for the first time ever in the zoo Primate Conservation Center, which I would like to add the Primate Conservation Center, is amazing.

The animal I believe to be the finger monkey or thumb monkey is the pygmy marmoset that comes from tropical forests of South America. The pygmy marmoset’s average lifespan is around 15 years. The marmoset lives about 25 years. They are of the callitrichid family.

The pygmy marmoset fully grown is around 4.4-5.8 inches body size and the tail 6.5-9 inches. Adult pygmy marmosets weigh from 3.5 to 5 ounces.

These darling little monkeys are highly social, and it would be challenging to raise them at home as an exotic pet. They live in family groups of a couple to nine pygmy marmosets. They reach sexual maturity around 16 months but because of their social order few females are allowed to breed. They weigh about a half ounce at birth. The females will usually have twins though triplets are not uncommon, they can have quadruplets occasionally.

The pygmy marmoset uses a series of trills and calls to communicate as well as body language. As with all primates they communicate chemically using glandular secretion from their scent glands to communicate needs, desires, expectations, and fears.

They are not facing the human predator quite as badly as other monkeys in that they are able to hide quite easily. Though habitat loss is certainly taking its toll on these pygmy marmosets, they are considered threatened and many endangered. Don’t think that for a minute their size will keep them from chasing off an invader, they have a “no fear” attitude. As adults, they can be unpredictable and aggressive. This is another reason they do not make good exotic pets.

The pygmy marmoset is omnivorous, eating insects and other invertebrates, fruit, and plant matter. The majority of their diet is from tree exudates, seed gums, and tree and plant sap. They chew holes in trees with their long lower incisors. Their diet alone would make it very difficult to raise them domestically.

Add the unpredictability and aggressiveness with the very long sharp teeth, and you may have a finger monkey without the finger.

California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, and Wyoming have bans on private possession of primates. Several more states are in the process of stopping the possession of primates as pets. There is also the possibility of federal legislation banning these exotic pets.

You must find a veterinarian able to treat a primate before you bring your pet monkey home. These veterinarians are not easy to find.

Make sure any primate you intend on bringing home has had a full physical with a complete set of laboratory tests. As with any primate, you truly don’t know if they have been poached in South America or Africa and you certainly don’t want to bring home a pesky disease like Ebola.

Facebook Diana Geiger

My Ferret Book Guides and Exotic Pet Books Guides

Exotic Pets: Family Guide Paperback and Kindle. Available on Kindle Unlimited!

Ferrets: A Complete Guide is available in Kindle, paperback and Kindle Unlimited!

Tuesday, January 1, 2019

Animal Stories - Free Range or Caged?

Perhaps a few pet stories will convince most of you that free-ranging exotic pets aren’t always such a good idea. I will tell the story of the rabbit in the dryer, raccoon that urinated on the surge protector, the ferrets that vanished, the rat on the roof, and the story skunks don’t climb.

I have received many questions, statements, and so forth about the topic of allowing exotic pets to have free run of the house. In my opinion, there are just too many dangers to allow many species of animals to have total run of the house. The use of common sense goes a long way.

Personally, I am in the middle. I allow my exotic pets plenty of exercise time and playtime outside of their cage or the area where I confine them. Some animals should never be caged. After a few potential mishaps and near disasters I just don’t allow them to run free without constant supervision.

"Honey, why is the rabbit in the dryer?" "What?" The rabbit is in the dryer. I had just taken out the clothes I wanted to hang up on hangers before I grabbed the last handful of clothes out of the dryer. I left the dryer door open. Evidently, the exotic pet rabbit thought that the cubby hole with warmth emanating from nice soft clothing looked intriguing. He climbed into the dryer, evidently to take a nap.

What if I had decided to turn the dryer back on to keep the rest of the clothes from wrinkling? There isn’t a lot that can be said about a fluffed rabbit. I also have heard of rabbits lured to fireplaces attracted by the heat and have gotten their fur scorched. After the dryer mishap, the rabbits were given one room to play in, and that one room was searched from top to bottom for any possible dangers. When they are out of their rabbit cages they are in their designated room and chaperoned.

One email I received was from a man that was concerned because his wife felt their rats should have total freedom of the house. It is near impossible to find all the dangers in the house when it comes to a rat. Here is what happened to us. We had the windows cracked open a bit in a second-floor bedroom. The windows had good screens. We went to check on our rat children and one was missing. There he was out on top of the second-floor roof wandering around. We are afraid to death of heights, we had to crawl out the window and retrieve the rat. Luckily he was the type to run toward us, and not run in the opposite direction. Rats just don’t fly well.

Even if an animal is in the same room with you, doesn’t mean he isn’t going to get into trouble. We had our office on one wall of the bedroom many years ago. We lived in Oklahoma in the country. I heard something outside and I looked out to see a sheriff’s car and then two sheriffs cautiously walking toward the house with their hands on their holsters. They looked very apprehensive. We both went outside to greet them, trying to look as friendly as possible. The two men were still uneasy until I asked what the problem was.

They explained a 911 call was made from our phone, but no one would speak to the dispatcher, and there was a strange noise on the line. In fact, they still had the connection and the bizarre noise was still coming over the line. I had one of those bingo moments. Our two baby raccoons had been playing on the bed behind our backs. The phone had also been on the bed. Somehow those two little rascals had taken the phone off the hook, managed to dial 911 and they were chuckling and chattering to the dispatcher. When I explained this to the two officers they looked incredibly relieved. I had to laugh when I heard them laughing quietly as they got back into their car. I was also glad I had my license to have the raccoons.

One of the same raccoons was playing under my desk one day. They were still very young and far from litter box trained. He urinated on my brand new APC battery backup surge protector. A loud zap and pop echoed through the room. Off went our computers. I looked under the desk and there was a very rattled, puffed up baby raccoon looking mighty scared. He ran to me and stayed in my arms for at least an hour. Thank goodness he hadn’t been electrocuted. But, I assure you he never peed on anything electrical again.

I don’t know how many times I have heard that skunks don’t climb. Bull roar, they climb. They may not be able to climb a tree like a raccoon but they can climb. We picked up two baby skunks up in Iowa; one skunk for a doctor that was a family friend, and also one for ourselves. Through previous experiences, I knew that baby gates didn’t work to contain a skunk. Nor, will I cage a skunk – ever. When they are tiny I use a baby's playpen. As they grow older I contain them to one safe room where we spend the most time. We had a piece of acrylic against the doorway to keep them from getting out of the bedroom. It was well wedged and the edges were guarded. A little while later we had two baby skunks coming toward us. To this day we have no idea how they got out of that bedroom.

I kept large dog food bags in big plastic bins so that the skunks couldn’t get into the dog food. It is not good for them, no dog food or cat food is good for a skunk. The container was kept under the stairs. Our skunk went missing one day. I was looking around the house when I spotted a white tipped tail sticking out of the dog food bag. The little monster had climbed the stairs and dropped into the dog food bag from above. Skunks are very smart animals.

Ferrets are great at finding nooks and crannies. One day in Northern Minnesota, not just one ferret, but all my ferrets went missing. How can this be? I had previously looked over that house with a fine tooth comb looking for any possible dangers and escape routes. After looking high a low for them in the house, I went outside and crawled under the house. There they were. Since I never did find how they had got down there. I placed blankets under the house near the access door. Any time they disappeared I knew exactly where they would be. After they played they run out of steam quickly. The blankets were the only warm place under the house. They also needed each other for body heat. I would just reach my hand in, pat for lumps, pull the ferrets out of the blankets, and take them back into the house; all seven of them. I now use a ferret cage with supervised playtime. A ferret cage has its advantages.

Of course, our pets need playtime and exercise time but with limits. They must have a closed-off limited play place and be supervised. It would take me days to list all the potential dangers in a home, from electrocution, getting loose, getting poisoned, or even burned. Be aware of these dangers and don’t let them have total free range of the house. Exotic pet safety comes first.